We should all pay attention to our fingernails as even a small change could be a sign of an underlying health issue. Here are seven common things to look out for.
White spots
Also known as leukonychia, white spots are often caused by trauma to the nail.
Although they’re usually harmless and tend to grow out on their own, they may also indicate a zinc deficiency or an underlying condition such as psoriasis or eczema.1
Yellow nails
Self-tan, smoking and nail varnish can all stain our nails (lemon juice or bicarbonate of soda are both good ways to ‘bleach’ them whiter).
More stubborn yellow discolouration may be caused by a fungal infection or, in some cases, lung disease, psoriasis, chronic bronchitis or diabetes.
An antifungal nail lacquer kit or dermal therapy nail treatment may help.
Brittle nails
These are common among people exposed to water and detergents regularly like healthcare workers and cleaners.
But if our nails frequently split or crumble, this could point to a lack of iron, calcium or essential fatty acids.
Taking a combined nail, hair and skin supplement may help by supporting collagen production.
Beau's lines
Horizontal grooves across the nails, known as Beau’s lines, may be a result of an infection or injury that temporarily interrupts nail growth.
They’re often harmless and will grow out in time, but if they keep appearing, they may suggest serious health issues, such as kidney disease or hypothyroidism.
Spoon nails (Koilonychia)
When nails appear concave, with a dip that looks a bit like a spoon, this could be a sign of iron-deficiency anaemia.
According to Dr Samantha Eisman, Consultant Dermatologist at Melbourne’s Sinclair Dermatology, spoon-shaped nails may also be caused by trauma to the nail and should be checked out by a doctor.
“Your nails can often reflect underlying health issues that are better addressed early on,” she says.2
Pitting
Small indentations or notches in the nails are often linked to psoriasis, a disease that causes a rash and itchy, scaly patches on the skin.
Pitting is a classic sign of this condition.
Clubbing
This occurs when the tips of fingers swell and the nails curve around the fingertips.
It can indicate low oxygen levels in the blood and be associated with lung disease or heart issues.
How to take care of your nails
As with any changes to our body or general health, it’s best to get medical advice so visit your local Blooms The Chemist to talk to the Pharmacist or book an appointment to see your Doctor.
However, if you just want to keep your fingernails looking their best, you should practice good nail hygiene by using sharp manicure scissors or clippers to cut your nails instead of biting them or picking at the cuticles.
You should also keep your fingernails dry and clean as this keeps germs from growing under your nails and causing infections.
Maintain your fingernail health and explore our range of nail care products below.
References:
1Morgan, Z. and Wickett, H. (2011), Leukonychia on finger nails as a marker of calcium and/or zinc deficiency. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 24: 294-295. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01175_23.x
2Sinclair Dermatology, Dr Samantha Eisman, accessed 30 January 2025